Needle-free capsule could enhance oral drug delivery
(Photo from MIT)
MIT and Novo Nordisk researchers have developed an ingestible capsule that can deliver drugs directly into the walls of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, offering a needle-free alternative to injections. Inspired by squids’ jet propulsion, the capsule uses compressed gas or a spring mechanism to release a burst of medication into the digestive tissue.
The innovation could benefit patients requiring insulin, antibodies, or RNA-based therapies. Unlike traditional capsules that dissolve in the stomach, this device actively injects its payload into the submucosal layer, ensuring higher absorption rates.
The researchers designed the capsules to target different parts of the digestive tract. One version has a tube-like shape, enabling it to align within long tubular organs. Another version can be attached to an endoscope for targeted drug delivery during medical procedures.
Tests in animals showed that the capsule successfully delivered insulin, a diabetes drug, and gene-silencing RNA at levels comparable to standard injections, without causing tissue damage. The researchers believe this could make treatments more accessible and convenient, particularly for patients who dislike needles.
Future plans include further testing and potential human trials to refine the technology for real-world applications.
Category: Education
